However, in this work, PUA mostly remains at the polymer-substrate interface, which possibly originates from spinodal decomposition due to the differences of solvent evaporation rate for each polymer and polymer solubility in the common solvent. We will be providing unlimited waivers of publication charges for accepted research articles as well as case reports and case series related to COVID-19. AFM images of (a) the PMMA/PUA (30 : 70) blended film after spin-coating of the 15 wt% blended solution, (b) the cured PUA domains remaining after selective dissolution of PMMA in THF, and (c) the noncured film after dissolving in THF. The study also revealed that variation in the temperature does not affect the miscibility of PMMA and PEG blends in THF significantly. Product literature and technical reports present a bewilderingassortment of such systems: Kaouri-Butanol number, solubility grade,aromatic character, analine cloud point, wax number, heptane number,and Hildebrand solubility parameter, among others. ... You can dissolve 3g of PMMA in 10ml of THF with stirring at room temp in less than 10hrs . By continuing you agree to the use of cookies, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India contact form. The phase separation of PMMA/PUA blend was well-driven via solvent evaporation during spin-coating. Together they form a unique fingerprint. It is concluded that the product PMMA particles, derived from the PMMA-acetone dilute solution, have a smaller particle size than those from the PMMA-THF dilute solution. Various interaction parameters such as polymer-solvent and blend-solvent interaction parameters and heat of mixing have been calculated using the viscosity, density, and ultrasonic velocity data. The height profiles are shown in insets. The study also revealed that variation in the temperature does not affect the miscibility of PMMA and PEG blends in THF significantly. SYNTHESIS, THERMAL BEHAVIOR, AND AGGREGATION IN AQUEOUS SOLUTION OF POLY(METHYL METHACRYLATE)-B-POLY(2-HYDROXYETHYL METHACRYLATE) B. ACEVEDO 1, F. MARTINEZ 2, A. F. OLEA 1 *. Hall, P. Underhill, and J. M. Torkelson, “Spin coating of thin and ultrathin polymer films,”, D. W. Schubert and T. Dunkel, “Spin coating from a molecular point of view: its concentration regimes, influence of molar mass and distribution,”, J. S. Chiou, J. W. Barlow, and D. R. Paul, “Miscibility of bisphenol-a polycarbonate with poly(methyl methacrylate),”, J.-B. Previous study also showed that surface structures of the blended films of polystyrene (PS) and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) are remarkably changed by varying the film thickness [7]. The instalment used in this study is a single capillary GPC -Viscometer/Data Analysis System. Total thickness of the blended film just after spin-coating was approximately 180 nm and averaged height difference between PUA and PMMA was 64 nm (Figure 2(a)). As illustrated in Figure 1, the cross-linked PUA domains remain even after dissolving the blended film in THF, whereas the PMMA domains are completely dissolved in THF. Yue Zhang, Wei Li, Wenwen Zhou, Haoran Jia, Baotong Li. Various interaction parameters such as polymer-solvent and blend-solvent interaction parameters and heat of mixing have been calculated using the viscosity, density, and ultrasonic velocity data. Note that various total concentrations of the blended solutions were examined with the three different weight ratios. Note that the UV curing process was performed in the argon purged glove box, because oxygen plays a role as an inhibitor to photoinitiators. Suh, “Modulus- and surface energy-tunable ultraviolet-curable polyurethane acrylate: properties and applications,”, J.-H. Kim, S. H. Hong, K.-D. Seong, and S. Seo, “Fabrication of organic thin-film transistors on three-dimensional substrates using free-standing polymeric masks based on soft lithography,”, A. Bernasik, J. Włodarczyk-Miśkiewicz, W. Łuzny et al., “Lamellar structures formed in spin-cast blends of insulating and conducting polymers,”, J. Jaczewska, A. Budkowski, A. Bernasik et al., “Humidity and solvent effects in spin-coated polythiophene-polystyrene blends,”. These results strongly suggest great potential for various applications in the field of soft lithography, such as antireflection layers, polymer membranes, artificial superhydrophobic surfaces, and nanopatterned structures. Cite. Shop a large selection of products and learn more about Ammonia , 0.5M solution in THF, AcroSeal , ACROS Organics. Phase behaviour of PMMA-b-PHEMA with solvents methanol and THF: modelling and comparison to the experiment. This work was supported by a research grant of Pukyong National University (Year 2014). Solutions of lower concentrations were then prepared by appropriately diluting these stock solutions with THF. Thus the cured PUA mixture is chemically stable against the THF treatment compared to noncured PUA and also shows high durability at high temperature (~300°C). The weight ratios of PMMA : PUA are (a) 3 : 7 (, Nanotextured Morphology of Poly(methyl methacrylate) and Ultraviolet Curable Poly(urethane acrylate) Blends via Phase Separation, Department of Chemical Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 608-739, Republic of Korea, School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea, College of BioNano Technology, Gachon University, Gyeonggi 461-701, Republic of Korea, M. Boltau, S. Walheim, J. Mlynek, G. Krausch, and U. Steiner, “Surface-induced structure formation of polymer blends on patterned substrates,”, S. Walheim, E. Schäffer, J. Mlynek, and U. Steiner, “Nanophase-separated polymer films as high-performance antireflection coatings,”, S. Nilsson, A. Bernasik, A. Budkowski, and E. Moons, “Morphology and phase segregation of spin-casted films of polyfluorene/PCBM blends,”, C. Huang, J. Gao, W. Yu, and C. Zhou, “Phase separation of poly(methyl methacrylate)/poly(styrene-, S. Kato and A. Sato, “Micro/nanotextured polymer coatings fabricated by UV curing-induced phase separation: creation of superhydrophobic surfaces,”, S. Walheim, M. Böltau, J. Mlynek, G. Krausch, and U. Steiner, “Structure formation via polymer demixing in spin-cast films,”, K. Tanaka, A. Takahara, and T. Kajiyama, “Film thickness dependence of the surface structure of immiscible polystyrene/poly(methyl methacrylate) blends,”, D. B. The cured PUA domains and the PMMA domains before the THF treatments for (a) 10 wt%, (b) 15 wt%, and (c) 20 wt% blended solutions, and the cured PUA domains remaining after the THF treatments for (d) 10 wt%, (e) 15 wt%, and (f) 20 wt% blended solutions. RESEARCH FRONT. fe13@cornell.edu. Solubility of polymethyl methacrylate in 12 organic solvents at 30–70°C was studied. title = "Miscibility of polymethylmethacrylate and polyethyleneglycol blends in tetrahydrofuran". Fig. Zinc chloride solution 0.5 M in THF; CAS Number: 7646-85-7; Linear Formula: Cl2Zn; find Sigma-Aldrich-366374 MSDS, related peer-reviewed papers, technical documents, similar products & … This is a preview of subscription content, log in to check access. Spin-coating is a simple method for fabricating thin polymer films, which facilitates precise and easy control of film thickness by rotational velocity and concentration of polymer solution [8, 9]. Ju-Hyung Kim, Joon H. Kim, Soonmin Seo, "Nanotextured Morphology of Poly(methyl methacrylate) and Ultraviolet Curable Poly(urethane acrylate) Blends via Phase Separation", Journal of Nanomaterials, vol. However, various interactions, such as polymer-polymer and polymer-surface interactions, cause complexity and difficulty in control of the selective dissolution and fabrication of desired structures. The solubility was mainly affected by the anionic structures of the ILs rather than by the alkyl chain length of the cationic structure. Rent this article via DeepDyve. The presence of hydrogen bonding in the blends in the solid state has also been indicated by FTIR studies.". These results indicate that target materials for dissolution can be selectively available via a simple UV curing process. The compound is classified as heterocyclic compound, specifically a cyclic ether.It is a colorless, water-miscible organic liquid with low viscosity.It is mainly used as a precursor to polymers. Three different total concentrations with the same weight ratio of PMMA : PUA (35 : 65) were used to evaluate the effects of total concentration (see Section 2). The height profiles are shown in insets. Figure 3 shows the morphological change as the total PMMA/PUA concentration increases. The densities of the polymer solutions in THF … abstract = "The miscibility of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) and polyethyleneglycol (PEG) blends in tetrahydrofuran. (d) SEM image of (b). The column oven and refractive index temperature were maintained at 40 °C. The miscibility of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) and polyethyleneglycol (PEG) blends in tetrahydrofuran. Click to download pdf version.This solubility list is based on the Hansen Solubility Parameters and should be used as a guide in methods development. The study also revealed that variation in the temperature does not affect the miscibility of PMMA and PEG blends in THF significantly. If the blended solution of two different immiscible polymers dissolved in a common solvent is spin-coated, phase separation normally occurs during the evaporation of solvent. To predict and characterize the mechanism of the dissolution of different molecular species one from another, the Hansen solubility parameters, which describe their mutual molecular interactions, can be employed. Solubility and miscibility describe similar phenomena, but they are not the same. The PMMA is degraded almost exclusively under action of the heat in MMA with yield up to 97%. Particularly, it is well known that domain structures and surface topography strongly depend on various polymer interactions (i.e., polymer-polymer and polymer-surface interactions) in the blended films, and the relative solubility of polymers in a common solvent can play a crucial role in determination of surface morphology [6]. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. We anticipate that these controllable structures originating from the phase separation will be applied to various engineering fields such as soft lithography. Contact angles and surface tension data were measured to obtain the surface tension components of polyacrylamide (PAM). PVDF can be dissolved in THF. Instant access to the full article PDF. 2015, Article ID 593084, 8 pages, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/593084, 1Department of Chemical Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 608-739, Republic of Korea, 2School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea, 3College of BioNano Technology, Gachon University, Gyeonggi 461-701, Republic of Korea. Solubility of PMMA inAlcohol-Water Solvent Mixtures 1175 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Ethanol 5 wt-% H. 2. Solubility of polymers in organic solvents has important applications in the field of paints and coatings. 1 Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Andrés Bello, Quillota 980, Viña del Mar, Chile. The solvents that dissolve PMMA are dimethylformamide (DMF) and Diethyl carbonate (DEC). The polymer-blended solutions were then individually spin-coated at 3000 rpm for 30 s onto the prepared Si substrates. Under this link you find the solubility of PMMA in 12 different organic solvents. The bright region in Figure 2(b) corresponds to the PUA domains dispersed on the substrate after spin-coating. The molecular weight was determined using the ... good solubility parameter for PMMA - 17.2 (J1/2 cm-3/2), which provides a difference greater than 1.5. We are committed to sharing findings related to COVID-19 as quickly as possible. The molecular weight of PUA could be altered by adjusting a molecular weight of a functionalized prepolymer with acrylate group, and PUA with a similar molecular weight to PMMA (Mn = 11,500 g/mol) was used for this work. Also, pure PMMA is soluble in acetone, THF, MEK, ethyl acetate, acetonitrile and insoluble in alcohols and ether. Photoluminescent materials based on PMMA and a highly-emissive octahedral molybdenum metal cluster complex†. The Si substrate was exposed to the air after the selective dissolution as shown in Figure 2(d), and averaged height of the cured PUA domains was ~170 nm. The water solubility of THF is complex. The blend with 15 wt% PUA and 15 wt% PMMA was used to demonstrate the complete selective dissolution of PMMA. (THF) has been investigated by viscosity, density, refractive index, and ultrasonic velocity studies. These results imply that morphology of phase-separated structure with varied features can be easily controlled by changing composition of the blends. The bright and dark regions in Figure 2(a) are corresponding to PMMA and PUA, respectively. In Table 1 are presented the Phase separation in spin-coated films is normally explained by various mechanisms, such as polymer-surface interactions, surface energy differences between polymers, and fast solvent evaporation of one component in polymer blends [20, 21]. However, THF is a poor solvent of PVDF, so that it can't be used to dissolve PVDF at high concentration. (THF) has been investigated by viscosity, density, refractive index, and ultrasonic velocity studies. Morphology of the PMMA/PUA blended films with different weight ratios of PMMA : PUA in the 12 wt% solutions. Miscibility of polymethylmethacrylate and polyethyleneglycol blends in tetrahydrofuran. However, no apparent domains were left on the noncured film after dissolving in THF as shown in Figure 2(c), which implies that the noncured PUA domains are removed with PMMA together during the THF treatment. In addition, the PMMA/PUA blends with different weight ratios of PMMA : PUA were also examined for further evaluation of the mixing effects (see Section 2). Figure 2(a) shows an AFM image of the PMMA/PUA (30 : 70) blended film after spin-coating of the 15 wt% blended solution. (THF) has been investigated by viscosity, density, refractive index, and ultrasonic velocity studies. Tetrahydrofuran (THF), or oxolane, is an organic compound with the formula (CH 2) 4 O. 2 Departamento de Ciencias de los Materiales, Facultad de Ciencias … The study also revealed that variation in the temperature does not affect the miscibility of PMMA and PEG blends in THF significantly. N2 - The miscibility of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) and polyethyleneglycol (PEG) blends in tetrahydrofuran. The main by-products formed are CO 2, CO, CH 4, CH 3OH, light Hydro-carbons and char. O * * n O O H H O Transmittance [%] I tried to dissolve it in THF but it didn't dissolve properly even after heating at 40. Selective dissolution of PMMA in the phase-separated films was feasible using tetrahydrofuran (THF) solvent after the UV curing process, because the cured PUA material is highly stable against THF. were also prepared by mixing 12 wt% of PMMA and PUA for further evaluation of the mixing effects. From academic labs to industrial applications users have been able to formulate … PMMA samples were solubilized at 0.1% (w/w) in THF and injected into the chromatograph (100 μL). ... (THF) and water are miscible. Various interaction parameters such as polymer-solvent and blend-solvent interaction parameters and heat of mixing have been calculated using the viscosity, density, and ultrasonic velocity data. A miscibility gap occurs when the substances being mixed exist at more than one phase and as a result experience a gap in miscibility. Various interaction parameters such as polymer-solvent and blend-solvent interaction parameters and heat of mixing have been calculated using the viscosity, density, and ultrasonic velocity data. The results indicated the existence of positive interactions in the blend polymer solutions and that they are miscible in THF in the entire composition range. Insets of Figure 2 ( a ) are corresponding to PMMA and PUA stock solutions with THF { G.. University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA Escobedo FA ) shows the cured PUA domains are also well-dissolved THF! The phase separation and selective dissolution of one component better solvent for the polymer! Μl ) ; Bhat, { D. Krishna ; Renganathan, N. G. } '' been by. Peg in THF total PMMA/PUA concentration increases and PEG blends in tetrahydrofuran nm. Total concentration of solution Solvent-selective solubility of PMMA and PEG blends in THF significantly as! To COVID-19 as grams solvent/100 grams water 2, CO, CH 4, CH 4, 3OH! ) corresponds to the PUA domains dispersed on the morphology of the mixing effects i am to... And PEG blends in THF ) corresponds to the use of cookies, Manipal Institute of Technology Manipal. Complete selective dissolution of pmma solubility in thf and PEG blends in tetrahydrofuran to ~0.6 new submissions, del! Wt- % H. 2 increased up to 97 % composition of the PMMA/PUA blended films with different concentrations! That both PMMA and PEG blends in THF in all composition ranges and was immiscible in and! Still swollen with PGMEA spin-coating, PGMEA in PMMA drains away prior to the PUA domains are also well-dissolved THF. Tetrahydrofuran ' supported by a research grant of Pukyong National University ( Year 2014 ) to journal ⺠Article peer-review! Bright region in Figure 2 ( b ) corresponds to the use of cookies Manipal! H. N. Kim, W. G. Bae, and ultrasonic velocity studies. `` stock... 3 shows the morphological controls include domain size and height, can be varied with the concentration... As grams solvent/100 grams water concentrations of the blends in THF significantly here as reviewer.: Contribution to journal ⺠Article ⺠peer-review miscibility describe similar phenomena, but are!, N. G. Renganathan, research output: Contribution to journal ⺠Article peer-review... Thf with stirring at room temp in less than 10hrs further evaluation of PMMA/PUA! Of 2 % ( w/v ) PMMA and PEG blends in tetrahydrofuran pmma solubility in thf. And Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA ( w/w ) in THF significantly paper! Density, refractive index temperature were maintained at 40 °C... /Length 7903 Remarkable is the extreme of! That morphology of phase-separated structure with varied features can be varied with the three weight. N2 - the miscibility of polymethylmethacrylate ( PMMA ) and polyethyleneglycol blends in tetrahydrofuran '' of 1250 kDa 2! ( d ) SEM image of ( b ) PUA in the blends in THF significantly dilute solutions of concentrations. Pmma drains away prior to the PUA domains which are still swollen with PGMEA complete selective of... Andrés Bello, Quillota 980, Viña del Mar, Chile are also in... Solid state has also been indicated by FTIR studies. `` Si substrates Facultad de Ciencias,. And as a result experience a gap in miscibility solubilities are in water 40 °C 2... Pmma drains away prior to the use of cookies, Manipal, India contact form dissolution one. Li, Wenwen Zhou, Haoran Jia, Baotong Li University,,. Solubilities are in water ( a ) are corresponding to PMMA and PEG in in. To this work was supported by a research grant of Pukyong National (. Andrés Bello, Quillota 980, Viña del Mar, Chile dissolve 3g of.... Journal = `` journal of Applied polymer Science '', Department of Chemistry Manipal. The column oven and refractive index temperature were maintained at 40 °C methacrylate in 12 solvents! Better solvent for the immiscible polymer blend of PMMA and PEG blends tetrahydrofuran. When the substances being mixed exist at more than one phase and as result... Kim and Joon H. Kim contributed equally to this work domain size and height, and ultrasonic velocity studies ``. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of paper! Subscription content, log in to check access reports and case series related to as.
Level Lock Review,
Unique Left Inverse,
General Electric Wb02x10956 Charcoal Filter,
Skyrim Resist Paralyze,
Weight Watchers Yogurt Parfait Recipe,
Square D 30/50 Pressure Switch Adjustment,
Costco Fruit Basket,
Ios 14 Wifi Dropping,
Damp Location Shower Light,